Stove



July 25,1939. 5, ELD ET AL 2,167,617

STOVE" Filed May 26, 1937' 3 Sheets-$11861, 1

VENT M4 $4 m1 A TORNEY July 25, 1939.

B. FIELD ET AL STOVE I Filed May 26, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 TTORNEY July25, 1939. B. FIELD ET AL STOVE Filed May 26, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 w w13m A E s or L. 3 1 a 3 4 L H ,MW NF--- U I 11 1-1%----iiififii iii--- 8ATTORNEY Patented July 25, 1939 STOVE Bernard Field, Brookline, andMaurice F. Walsh, Wakefield, Mass, assignors to Boston Stove FoundryCompany, Reading, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application May26, 1937, Serial No. 144,792

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in stoves, and particularly to anoven construction for combination stoves that are adapted to utilize asfuel either wood, coal, oil, or gas.

One object of the invention is an improved ventilating system for theoven, which is automatically provided when the oven is prepared for gasheating.

Our oven construction is of a type adapted to receive a bafiie platehaving a gas burner mounted thereon, which bafiie plate may be handledas a unit, and is connected to a gas supply by the act of positioningthe plate and burner in the oven. Such a construction is described inField Patent No. 1,989,508, issued January 29, 1935. In addition, as hasbeen suggested heretofore, provision is made for insertion of the sameplate unit into a different position in the upper part of the oven, foruse as a broiler burner. For this purpose an additional gas supply pipeis provided.

Our invention relates to the provision of improved ventilation in suchconstructions to secure more perfect combustion of the gas supplied tothe burner and to insure a more even and 25 uniform circulation of theproducts of gas combustion through the oven, for providing an eventemperature in all parts of the oven at all times, regardless of theposition in which the burner is operated. For this purpose, ourventilating dampers are so positioned that outside air is admitted tothe oven at a point remote from the exit of the products of combustion.At the same time, the ventilating system is automatically prepared foroperation coincidental with the usual manual operations involved in thepreparation of the stove for either gas broiler or gas baking use, andthe oven is reconverted into an oven of the usual type, suitable forindirect heating by coal or other fuel, co-incidental with the removalof the gas burner from the oven.

These and further objects of the invention will be more fully understoodfrom the accompanying description, taken in connection with thedrawings, in which,-

Fig. 1 is a cross section of an oven construction, showing our ovenprepared for gas baking, and indicating in dotted lines the gas burnerbroiling position;

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the back wall of the 50 oven, showing an exitdamper in closed position; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the inside of adoor for the oven;

Fig. 4 is a plan of the burner in lower baking position, taken along theline 4--4 of Fig.1, and showing the oven and door in cross-section;

Fig. 5 is a plan of the burner in upper broiling position, taken alongline 55 of Fig. 1, and showing the oven and door in cross-section; and

Fig. 6 is a detail of our plate construction.

Referring to Fig. 1, We show an oven construc- 5 tion provided withsuitable flues l0 for heating the oven by circulation therein ofproducts of combustion of fuels such as coal or oil, said flues beinglocated above top wall l2 and beneath bottom wall M of the oven, andleading to a chim- I0 ney flue ii, in accordance with well-known flueconstruction.

As shown in Fig. 1, the back wall l6 of the oven is provided with twogas supply pipes l8 and 2%, each of which is provided with a suitable 1mixing member 22, and each of which extends as a stub pipe into theinterior of the oven.

Back wall It is also provided with an aperture 24, preferably in theupper portion thereof, as shown, leading to chimney flue l l. Suitablypositioned to close this aperture 24 is a closure member 26, hingedlysecured to the back wall it as by brackets 28, and shown in closedposition in Fig. 2.

The lower portion of this closure member 26 has a suitable extension 30,extending into the path of a vertically slidable cam member 32, mountedon the back wall iii of the oven, as by loops 34, 34. This cam member 32is provided with a suitable cam surface 36, adapted with verticalmovement to engage the extension 30 to swing closure member 26 away fromthe aperture 24.

During operation of the oven by indirect heat, this damper 26 remainsclosed through the influence of gravity on the damper 26 and cam member32.

For operation of the oven by gas, we provide a suitable gas burner 40,which may be conveniently mounted beneath a baffle plate 42 having anysuitable number of perforations 43 (Fig. 4). This plate may bepositioned in the oven, as shown in Fig. 1, guided and supported by,lugs 44, 44 on the side walls of the oven. The burner 40 is provided atthe rear with a funnel-shaped member 45 adapted to facilitate anoperative connection with the stub end of either pipe l8 or 20.

A cam surface 38 is provided on the cam member 32 and is so positionedthat it is engaged by the rear edge 48 of the plate 42 as said plate ismoved into baking position in the oven, the cooperating surfaces 33 and48 operating to elevate the cam member 36 and the closure member26 toopen the back damper 26. 55;

The cam member 32 is provided with a similar cam surface 31, which issuitably positioned to be engaged by the rear edge 48 of the plate 42when the plate is moved into broiling position, as shown in dotted linesin Fig. 1, guided and supported by lugs 50, 5G, with the funnel-shapedmember 46 engaging the supply pipe 28. Thus, when the gas burner ispositioned in the oven for either type of operation, the back damper 26will be automatically opened by the act of positioning the plate 42.

In order to provide a suitable air inlet to allow entrance of outsideair to permit gas combustion, a suitable opening may be provided at thefront of the oven, which is shown in Fig. 3 as a series of apertures 63formed in the lower portion of the door 62, where they will not detractfrom the appearance of the stove on the outside, and where theinsulation 63 of the door may be omitted. These apertures are suitablyproportioned with relation to the bore of the gas supply pipe I8 topermit the ingress of sufficient air to insure proper combustion of gassupplied at a contemplated pressure.

In order to close these apertures til to permit proper indirect heatingof the oven from the fines iii, H3, a closure member 64 is provided,which normally covers the apertures 63, but which may, as hereinafterdescribed, be moved into a position exposing the apertures 68, for gasoperation. For this purpose, the closure member G l may be convenientlymounted on the door 62, as shown in Fig. 3, in the following manner:

Door 62 is formed with an insulation-free portion 65 provided withbosses 63, 653, having bores 63, (iii, adapted to receive hinging meansincluding pins '55, 1t) integral with connecting links l2, '12. Afterthe pins iii are mounted in the bores 68, G8, the closure member M maybe attached to the connecting links T72, '52 as by bolts M, 74. It willbe noted that by this construction we provide a closure member 8% whichmay be hingedly moved away from the apertures 60. The constructiondescribed is especially suitable, because the closure member 6d and itsattached hinging means is completely balanced to allow perfectoperation, and there is no metal connecting the pins l0, "Hi along thepivot line, thereby avoiding operation difiiculties due to expansionfrom proximity to the high temperatures of the oven, which expansionmight, with some constructions, result in binding of the hinging means.

The closure member 64 is adapted to be swung from the dotted lineposition shown in Fig. l to the full line position shown in Fig. 1,through the cooperation of a stop member 80 (Fig. 4), provided at thefront edge of the plate 12, with a cam .extension member 82 associatedwith one of the connecting members 12. For the purpose of maintainingthe balanced effect, we provide a similar extension member 8211 on theother connecting link 12.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 4, when the oven door 62 is moved into closedposition, the cam extension member 82 engages the stop 8!) to swing theclosure member 6- away from the apertures 66, to permit ingress of airthrough the apertures. At the same time, as shown in Fig. 1, theextension members 82, 82 strike against the insulation 63 of door 62, asshown in Fig. 1, which acts as a stop for retaining the closure member64 in a position in the path of incoming air to act as a bafiie memberboth to direct the incoming air towards the bottom of the oven, and topreheat the air after the closure member has become heated by the hightemperature of the oven.

As will be understood, when the door 62 is opened, the closure member 64will hingedly swing into a closed position over the apertures 60 underthe influence of gravity.

In order to provide air ingress when the plate 42 is in upper orbroiling position, we provide a stop 84 at the outer side edge of door62, which is adapted to engage a cooperating stop 86 at the front edgeof the plate 42. As illustrated in Fig. 5, these cooperating stops 84and 86 act to pre-' vent closure of the door when the plate 42 is inupper or broiling position. However, as shown in Fig. 4, when the plateis in lower position, the stop 86 is received in the concavity of thedoor 62, and allows latching of the door in closed position.

As thus described, our oven construction provides a ventilating systemsupplying an adequate air ingress for proper combustion of a gas burnerin its baking position, together with a damper exit into the chimneyflue, such ventilating system automatically closing upon the removal ofthe gas burner from the oven, to convert the oven to a form suitable forindirect coal or oil heating.

Likewise, upon positioning of the gas burner for broiling operation, theoven is placed in suitable condition to allow the exit of products ofcombustion into the chimney flue through opening of the damper, and thebroiler is operated with the door open to allow ingress of an adequateamount of air to insure proper combustion of the gas; and, upon removalof the broiler unit, the oven is again converted to a form suitable forindirect coal or oil heating.

Our construction thus is simple in form, and may be incorporated in ausual type of oven by the attachment of a minimum number of suitableparts, and is conveniently operated with high combustion efficiency, anduniform gas oven heating without in any way affecting the indirectheating of the even by other fuels.

We claim:

1. In a stove, an oven, 2. door for said oven, a plate having a gasburner mounted thereon and movable into a lower baking position and intoan upper broiling position in said oven, a damper disposed at the frontof said oven, and means associated with said damper and cooperating withsaid plate when said plate is in said lower position to operate saiddamper by the act of closing said door, and means to prevent closing ofsaid door when said plate is in said upper position.

2. In a stove, an oven having a back wall, a door for said oven, a platehaving a gas burner mounted thereon and movable into a lower bakingposition and into an upper broiling position in said oven, inlet andexhaust dampers for said oven, one of said dampers being disposed at thefront of said oven, the other of said dampers being disposed in the backwall of said oven, means cooperating with said plate to open said backwall damper by the act of positioning said plate in either of saidpositions, and means cooperating with said plate to open said otherdamper when said plate is in said lower position, by the act of closingsaid door.

3. In a stove, an oven having a back wall, a door for said oven, a platehaving a gas burner mounted thereon and movable into a lower bakingposition and into an upper broiling position in said oven, inlet andexhaust dampers for said oven, one of said dampers being disposed at thefront of said oven, the other of said dampers being disposed in the backwall of said oven, means cooperating with said plate to open said backWall damper by the act of positioning said plate in either of saidpositions, and means cooperating with said plate to open said otherdamper when said plate is in said lower position, by the act of closingsaid door, and means to prevent closing of said door when said plate isin said upper position.

4. In a stove, an oven having a back and side walls, a door for saidoven, a plate having a gas burner mounted thereon and selectivelymovable into two positions in said oven, an exhaust damper in said backwall, means associated with said damper and actuated by the act ofpositioning said plate in either of said positions to open said damper,apertures in said oven door, closure means for said apertures normallyheld in closed position, and means associated with said closure means tocooperate with said plate when said plate is in said lower position toactuate said closure means in the act of closing said door, to exposesaid apertures to said oven.

BERNARD FIELD. MAURICE F. WALSH.

